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Koala Technologies

for Commodore 64

computers

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Technologies Corporation

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Technologies Corporation

COPYRIGHT

Copyright 1984 by Koala Technologies. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual and its accompanying software packages may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Koala Technologies. Unauthorized copying or transmitting of this copyrighted software in or on any medium is strictly prohibited. Under the law, copying includes translating into another language.

Commodore 64 is a trademark of Commodore Electronics, Ltd.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ................................ 1

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS........................ 2

Cartridge Version .......................... 2

Diskette Version ........................... 2

GETTING STARTED ............................. 3

Cartridge Version .......................... 3

Diskette Version ........................... 3

HOWTO BEGIN................................. 5

Making Selections ......................... 5

Switching Between Screens.................. 5

Erasing the Entire Screen.................... 6

THE KOALAPAINTER MENU ...................... 7

The Brush Set............................. 7

The Color Palette .......................... 7

THE COMMANDS ............................... 8

STORAGE......................................17

Initializing a Disk...........................17

Retrieving Stored Pictures...................17

Saving Pictures............................18

Changing Disks............................18

HINTS AND EXPLANATIONS......................19

KoalaPad Buttons..........................19

Error Messages............................19

Transport Feature..........................19

Copying Between Screens...................19

Fill......................................20

XColor...................................20

Erasing Small Areas........................20

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INTRODUCTION

KoalaPainter is an easy-to-use computer drawing tool which allows you to:

• Draw freehand on your computer display using several different colors and "brushes."

• Draw perfect geometric shapes of any size and color.

• Create designs on two different viewing screens, and copy images from one screen to the other.

• Magnify your drawings for easy close-up work.

• Save your drawings on diskette for future enjoyment.

• Create beautiful high-resolution graphics screens to use in your own programs.

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

Cartridge Version

• Commodore 64™ computer

• KoalaPainter program cartridge

• KoalaPad touch tablet and stylus

• Color television or monitor

• Commodore 1541 disk drive and blank diskettes (required only if you want to save your pictures)

Diskette Version

• Commodore 64 computer

• KoalaPainter program diskette

• KoalaPad touch tablet and stylus

• Commodore 1541 disk drive (and blank diskettes if you want to save your pictures)

• Color television or monitor

GETTING STARTED

Cartridge Version

• Make sure your computer is turned off.

• Insert the KoalaPainter cartridge into the Commodore 64's cartridge slot, with the label facing up.

• Connect your KoalaPad into Control Port 1 on the right side of your computer.

• Turn on your television or monitor.

• Turn on your computer.

You'll see the KoalaPainter title screen display on your television or monitor. You can wait for it to finish painting, and it will go to the menu automatically. Or you can press one of the KoalaPad buttons, and the menu will appear more quickly.

Diskette Version

• Make sure your computer is turned off.

• Turn on your disk drive and your television or monitor.

• Turn on your computer.

• Insert your KoalaPainter program diskette into your disk drive.

• Connect your KoalaPad into Control Port 1 on the right side of your computer.

When your computer indicates "READY", type:

LOAD"KPAINT",8 and press < RETURN >. When your computer responds "READY" again, type:

RUN

and press < RETURN >.

KoalaPainter will now load. It takes about a minute for the title screen to appear.

When the menu appears you're ready to draw. The menu offers a variety of drawing and color options. However, to become familiar with how the KoalaPad works, let's begin with a few basics and do a little experimenting. The menu and its options will be described in more detail later in this manual.

HOW TO BEGIN

The menu is divided into three areas: commands, brushes, and the color palette. Choosing a command, brush, or color is easy: just move your finger or stylus on the KoalaPad until the cursor is in the right place on the screen, then press either KoalaPad button.

Whenever you choose a command, brush, or color, KoalaPainter will verify your choice. When you select a command, the name of the command flashes. When you select a brush, a small green square appears under the selected brush. When you select a color, the screen border changes to the selected color.

Once you've chosen a command, a brush, and a color, you are ready to move to the drawing screen to begin creating your design. Let's begin with the DRAW command.

Making Selections

• Position the cursor in the box marked DRAW.

• Keeping the cursor in this box, press either button on your KoalaPad.

Using this same procedure, select a color or pattern and a brush.

Switching Between Screens

In order to go to the drawing screen, move the tip of your stylus all the way down to the bottom of the KoalaPad's surface. The cursor will disappear below the color palette. If your television or monitor volume is turned up, you will hear a steady "beeping" when your stylus is in the right place.

Now press either KoalaPad button. The menu screen will be replaced by the drawing screen, and you are ready to begin drawing.

• Hold down either button and move your finger or stylus on the tablet. A line in your selected color and brush will be drawn on the screen.

• Release the button and your line will stop.

• To return to the menu, move your stylus to the bottom of the tablet surface and press either button. The menu will reappear. You are now ready to choose other commands, colors or brushes.

Practice going back and forth a few times until you get the hang of it. When you are drawing, all your designs will be drawn in the currently selected brush and color. Make your selections before going to the drawing screen.

Erasing the Entire Screen

• Move the cursor to the box marked ERASE and press either button. The ERASE command will blink.

• If you are sure that you want to erase your entire drawing screen, select ERASE again to confirm your selection.

THE KOALAPAINTER MENU

The Brush Set

A brush is any one of eight different markers which control the width and shape of the lines drawn on the screen.

The Color Palette

The color palette is composed of sixteen solid colors and sixteen patterns. Each pattern is composed of the currently selected color and the solid color directly above it. There are 120 possible pattern combinations.

THE COMMANDS

Draw

(AT-

DRAW — Freehand drawing.

• Move the cursor to the point where you want to begin drawing and hold down either button.

• With the button down, move your stylus on the KoalaPad just as if it were a pencil on paper.

• To stop drawing, release the button.

Line

LINE — Draws individual straight lines.

• Position the cursor where you want to start your line.

• Press either button and stretch the line from this point.

• Press either button when the line is the desired length. This sets the length of the line.

• If you want to transport the line to a new location, move your finger or stylus on the tablet's surface.

• When the line is in the new location, press either button and the line will be fixed in place.

Lines

LINES — Draws lines that are connected end-to-end.

• Position the cursor where you want to start your first line.

• Press either button.

• Stretch the line into place by moving the stylus.

• Press either button. This fixes the end of the first line and starts the next line.

• Repeat for more lines.

Rays

RAYS — Makes lines that radiate from one point.

• Move the cursor to the starting point of the rays and press either button.

• Move the cursor to another point on the screen and press either button. A line will be drawn from the starting point to this point.

• Repeat this for each ray you want to draw, or hold down the button and move your stylus. A design will be drawn. Notice how you can vary the design by varying how fast you move the cursor.

Frame

FRAME — Makes rectangular frames.

• Move the cursor to where you want to place a corner of the frame.

• Press either button to fix the corner in place.

• Move the cursor to where you want to place the opposite corner of the frame. The frame will stretch to this point.

• When the frame is the desired size, press either button.

• Move the frame to a new location, if desired, and press either button to fix it in place.

Box	J

BOX — Creates a frame that automatically fills with the selected color or pattern.

• Follow the same procedure as in the FRAME command.

Circle

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CIRCLE — Makes a circle.

• Move the cursor to where where you want to locate the outer edge of the circle.

• Press either button and move the cursor. A circle will develop from this point.

• Stretch the circle until it reaches the desired size, then press either button. This fixes the size of the circle.

• Transport the circle to another location if you want and press either button. This fixes the circle in place.

Disc

DISC — Creates a circle that automatically fills with the selected color or pattern.

• Follow the same procedure as in the CIRCLE command.

Fill

FILL — Fills in specified areas with selected color or pattern.

• First select a color or pattern from the color palette.

• Position the cursor inside the area to be filled.

• Press either button.

See the Hints and Explanations section for further information on the FILL command.

XCOLOR — "Exchange Color" — Replaces a color in your design with a different color.

•Select XCOLOR.

• Select a new color (not a pattern) from the color palette, then go to the drawing screen.

• Place the cursor on the color to be changed.

• Press either button. The old color will be changed to the new color everywhere on the screen, even inside a pattern.

• If you don't like the results, go back to the menu and select OOPS.

See the Hints and Explanations section for further information on the XCOLOR command.

Mirror

MIRROR — Creates mirrored images using the current drawing command.

• Select a drawing command such as DRAW, LINE, CIRCLE etc.

• Select MIRROR. The screen will flash briefly, and the word "Mirror" will blink along with your chosen drawing mode.

• Go to the drawing screen and follow the instructions for the selected drawing mode. Exact copies of the current design will appear in the four corners of the screen.

• To cancel MIRROR, select MIRROR a second time. The word "Mirror" will stop blinking.

Copy

COPY — Copies a portion of a picture on your drawing screen to another location.

• Move the cursor to one corner of the area you want to copy and press either button.

• Move the stylus and a frame will appear; stretch the frame until it encloses the entire area you want to copy, then press either button.

• Move the frame to another location on the screen and press either button.

Swap

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SWAP — Allows movement between two separate drawing screens.

• Select SWAP. Your drawing screen will appear. Let's call this "screen A."

• Press either button. Another drawing screen will appear; we'll call this "screen B."

• Each time you press a button, you'll swap between the two screens.

• When the screen you want to use is displayed, go back to the menu to make other selections and continue with that screen.

You can create designs on screen A and copy them to screen B — or vice versa — by using the SWAP and COPY commands together. See the Hints and Explanations section ^lr»r information on how to do this.

Zoom

ZOOM — Magnifies designs for close-up detail work.

• After selecting ZOOM, the drawing screen will appear. There will be a frame entitled ZOOM on the screen.

• Move this frame so that it encloses the area you want to "zoom in on," and press either button.

• On the top one-third of the screen, you will see your design in its actual size. On the bottom, you will see your design enlarged.

• You can move the cursor around in either the top or bottom area. In the top area, moving the cursor and pressing a button repositions the zoom frame. In the bottom area, you can draw on your enlarged design. At the far bottom of the screen, you can select new colors to draw with.

• It's easier to edit your work if you use the smallest brush.

Oops

OOPS — Lets you change your mind by cancelling your most recent drawing command.

• Select OOPS. The screen will flash to acknowledge the command.

• When you return to the drawing screen, you'll find your design just as it was before the last command you used.

OOPS can only be used to undo the most recent command.

Erase

ERASE — Erases everything on the drawing screen.

• Select ERASE. The word "Erase" will begin blinking.

• If you are sure you want to erase your entire drawing screen, select ERASE again. The screen will flash to acknowledge the command, and the word "Erase" will stop blinking.

• If you change your mind about erasing the screen before selecting ERASE the second time, select another command.

• If you accidentally erase your screen, you can restore it if you select OOPS.

Storage

STORAGE — Allows pictures to be stored and retrieved on diskette.

First insert the diskette you want to use into your disk drive, then select Storage.

You will see a menu appear, consisting of sixteen "slots" with picture names in them. Some of the slots may contain the word "empty" if no picture has been stored in them.

Initializing a Disk

If you are using a new, unused diskette, you must first initialize it with the "Init Disk" command on the Storage menu. Move the cursor into the box containing the words "Init Disk" and press either button. KoalaPainter will then ask you "Erase Disk? Type 'Y' for Yes." Initializing a diskette erases everything already on the diskette. If you press "Y" on the keyboard, KoalaPainter will then ask you to give the diskette a name. Type the name of the diskette in on the keyboard. You may type up to twelve letters, numbers, and spaces in a name. When you hit the < RETURN > key, the disk will be initialized. Once a diskette has been initialized, you can proceed to use the other Storage commands.

Retrieving Stored Pictures

To get a picture from the diskette onto your screen, select the "Get" command by moving the cursor into the box marked "Get" and pressing either button. Then move the cursor to the slot containing the picture name and press a button. The status line at the bottom of the menu will say "Getting Picture" while KoalaPainter loads your picture from the diskette. When the "Getting Picture" message goes away, you can return to the main menu by moving the stylus to the bottom of the KoalaPad surface and pressing either button.

Saving Pictures

To save one of your own pictures on your diskette, first make sure it is the current drawing screen (use the Swap command if necessary.) Then select the "Name & Save" command on the Storage menu. Move the cursor to an "empty" slot to add a picture to the diskette, or to a named slot to replace an existing picture. Then press either button. Now type in a name for your picture, up to 8 letters, numbers, and spaces. When you hit the < RETURN > key, KoalaPainter will save your picture to the diskette.

To save one of your pictures without changing its name, select the "Save" command on the Storage menu. Then select one of the already named slots in the menu by pointing at it with the cursor and pressing a button.

If you have the diskette version of KoalaPainter, you shouldn't try to use your KoalaPainter program diskette to store your own pictures — use one of your own diskettes instead. The KoalaPainter diskette can not be written on, but it does contain some sample pictures you can use.

Changing Disks

If you want to switch to a different diskette, first insert the new diskette into your disk drive and then select the "Change Disk" command. The menu will change to show you which pictures have been stored on the diskette.

HINTS AND EXPLANATIONS

KoalaPad Buttons

Both KoalaPad buttons act the same in KoalaPainter; you can press whichever one is most comfortable for you.

Error Messages

Various error messages may appear in the bottom status line of the Storage menu if something goes wrong. These error messages come from the disk drive itself — you should consult your disk drive manual to see what the problem is.

Transport Feature

The commands which draw geometric shapes (LINE, CIRCLE, DISC, FRAME, and BOX) all allow you to first set the size of the object by "stretching" and then to set the position of the object. This is called the Transport Feature, and operates the same way for all of these commands.

Copying Between Screens

• Use the SWAP command first. Swap between the screens until the picture you want to copy from is on the screen.

• Go back to the main menu and select the COPY command. Frame the area you want to copy by pressing once on the first corner of the frame, then again on the opposite corner.

• When you press the second time, the screen will switch to the other picture. Move the frame to where you want it and press a button. You may place more than one copy by moving the frame and pressing a button in each place you want the copy.

• When you move your stylus to the bottom of the KoalaPad and press a button, you will be switched back to the first screen, and you can copy another area.

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TECHNICAL NOTES

Color Collisions

Occasionally, you may notice peculiar color responses — colors "changing out from under you" — when you attempt to use several different colors in a small area of the screen. Although you have many different colors to choose from, the Commodore 64 hardware only allows you to have four separate colors (including the background color) in each 4 by 8 dot area of the screen. So if you try to add a fifth color, one of the first four has to change. This is called "color collision" and can be avoided by not using too many colors in a small area.

Printing Your Pictures

You cannot print your KoalaPainter pictures directly from KoalaPainter. Koala Technologies now offers a separate product, KoalaPrinter for the Commodore 64, which allows you to print your pictures.

Photographing Your Pictures

• Use Kodachrome 64 daylight film for slides or Kodacolor VR100 for photographs.

• Position your camera using a tripod.

• Take pictures in a darkened room or arrange a hood over the screen to shelter it from light reflections.

• Set your camera's shutter speed for one second; use a light meter to determine the aperture.

Disk Drives

We recommend you use the Commodore 1541 disk drive with KoalaPainter. Other disk drives may or may not work correctly. Many higher-speed drives which use parallel (IEEE) interfaces may not be able to load and run KoalaPainter.

Displaying Pictures from BASIC

The following is a BASIC program (with a machine language subroutine for speed) which lets you display your KoalaPainter pictures without loading and running KoalaPainter itself. Type in this program carefully and save it to disk. (If you make a mistake typing any of the DATA statements, the program will halt with an error message. Re-check your typing.)

1 REM DISPLAY A KOALAPAINTER ITM] SCREEN

10 IF A = 1 GOTO 130

20 FOR A = 49154 TO 49320

30 READ l:T«T + l:POKE A, I

40 NEXT

50 IF T = 22747 GOTO 70

60 PRINT "ERROR IN DATA STATEMENTS!":STOP

70 INPUT "WHICH PICTURE";A$

80 IF RIGHT$(A$,1)="*" GOTO 100

90 A$ = A$+" ": REM 14 SPACES

100 F$ = CHR$ (129) + LEFT$ (A$, 14)

110 FC - PEEK (53281): CC = PEEK (646)

120 PRINT "LOADING. ..";:A= 1: LOAD F$,8,1

130 SYS 49154

140 WAIT 653,1: WAIT 653,1,1

150 POKE 53265, PEEK (53265) AND 223

160 POKE 53272, (PEEK (53272) AND 240) OR 4

170 POKE 53270, PEEK (53270) AND 239

180 POKE 53281, FC: POKE 646, CC

190 PRINT CHR$(147);

200 END

49154 DATA 173, 17, 208, 41, 239, 9, 32, 141

49162 DATA 17, 208, 173, 22, 208, 41, 223, 9

49170 DATA 16, 141, 22, 208, 173, 24, 208, 41

49178 DATA 240, 9,8,141, 24, 208, 76, 43

49186 DATA 192, 173, 17, 208, 41, 239, 141, 17

49194 DATA 208, 162, 127, 160, 64, 134, 252, 132

49202 DATA 251, 162, 4, 160, 0, 134, 254, 132

49210 DATA 253, 162, 131, 160, 39, 32, 127, 192

49218 DATA 162,131,160,40,134,252,132,251

49226 DATA 162, 216, 160, 0, 134, 254, 132, 253

49234 DATA 162, 135, 160, 15, 32, 127, 192, 173

49242 DATA 16, 135, 141, 33, 208, 162, 96, 160

49250 DATA 0, 134, 252, 132, 251, 162, 32, 160

49258 DATA 0,134, 254, 132, 253,162, 127, 160

49266 DATA 63, 32, 127,192, 173, 17, 208, 9

49274 DATA 16, 141,17, 208, 96,142, 1,192

49282 DATA 140, 0, 192, 160, 0, 177, 251, 145

49290 DATA 253, 165, 252, 205, 1, 192, 208, 8

49298 DATA 165, 251, 205, 0, 192, 208, 1, 96

49306 DATA 230, 251, 208, 2, 230, 252, 230, 253

49314 DATA 208, 227, 230, 254, 76, 135, 192

To display a picture, follow these steps:

• Insert the diskette containing the above display program. LOAD the program.

• If the picture is on a different diskette, remove the first diskette and insert the one with the picture.

• RUN the program.

• The program will prompt you with WHICH PICTURE?. Type in the name of the picture as you see it in KoalaPainter's Storage menu, for example PIC I DRAGON, and hit < RETURN >. Your program will be loaded and displayed. (This takes about 30 seconds on a Commodore 1541 drive.)

• The picture will remain on the screen until you press and release either <SHIFT> key.

Using KoalaPainter Pictures in Your Own Programs

You can use KoalaPainter pictures in your own programs. For example, if you wanted to load a KoalaPainter picture as a title page while the rest of your program was loading or setting up, you could replace line 140 of the display program with a LOAD or GOTO to execute your own code. You just have to make sure to set the screen mode back to normal if necessary. (This is what lines 150 - 180 do.)

Slide Show

You can also convert the BASIC display program into a slide show. When you RUN it, it will loop through all the pictures on a diskette, displaying them one at a time. After displaying the last picture on the disk, the slide show returns to the first picture and starts over.

To convert the display program into the slide show program, simply replace lines 1 - 200 with the following.

1 REM KOALAPAINTER [TM] SCREEN SLIDE SHOW

10 IF A = 1 GOTO 150

20 OPEN 15,8,15, "I"

30 FOR A = 49154 TO 49320

40 READ I: T = T +1: POKE A, I: NEXT

50 IF T = 22747 GOTO 70

60 PRINT "ERROR IN DATA STATEMENTS!": STOP

70 L = ASC("A"):REM START WITH PIC A

80 F$ = CHR$(129)+"PIC"+CHR$(L)+"*"

90 OPEN 2, 8, 2, "0:" +F$+ ", P, R"

100 INPUT#15, E, M$,T, B: CLOSE 2

110 IF E = 0 GOTO 140

120 IF L = ASC("A") THEN PRINT "NO PICTURES ON

DISK.": END 130 GOTO 70

140 A = FRE(0):A = 1:LOAD F$,8,1 150 IF F THEN SYS 49187: GOTO 170 160 F=1:SYS 49154 170 L = L + 1:GOTO 80

Lines 49154 - 49314 are unchanged.

Picture Format

The KoalaPainter picture format is described below. The addresses shown are those which the picture occupies after being loaded into memory (e.g., with a BASIC "LOAD file,8,1" command).

24576 - 32575 Multicolor bitmap (8000 bytes) $6000 - $7F3F

32576 - 33575 Color memory 1 (1000 bytes) $7F40 - $8327

33576 - 34575 Color memory 2 (1000 bytes) $8328 - $870F

34576 Background color (1 byte)

$8710

LIMITED 90 DAY WARRANTY

Koala Technologies Corporation will replace this diskette or cartridge product free of charge if it is found defective in materials or workmanship within 90 days from the date of purchase. Simply send it prepaid to Koala Technologies Corporation, 3100 Patrick Henry Drive, Santa Clara, CA 95052-8100 who will replace the product.

Koala Technologies Corporation neither assumes not authorizes any representative or other person to assume for us any other liability in connection with the sale or any shipment of our products.

The rights specified within this warranty shall be the sole and exclusive remedy of the purchaser for any claim under the warranty. IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS ARE LIMITED IN DURATION TO A 90-DAY PERIOD FROM THE DATE OF PURCHASE. THE PURCHASER MAY MAKE NO CLAIM FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES FOR ANY DEFECT.

Some states do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts or the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other legal rights that may vary from state to state.

There is a two year time limit on exchanging a damaged diskette.

DISKETTE EXCHANGE FORM

(please print clearly)

If you want to replace a damaged Koala software diskette, send the diskette back to Koala with a check or money order for eight dollars ($8.00) and we'll send you a replacement diskette.

NOTE: ONLY ORIGINAL KOALA SOFTWARE DISKETTES SOLD WITH A KOALA PRODUCT MAY BE EXCHANGED UNDER THIS POLICY.

Return this form with your damaged diskette and check for $8.00 to

KOALA TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION

Dept. D

3100 Patrick Henry Drive

Santa Clara, CA 95052-8100

(please print clearly)

Name of Program_________________________________

Computer Model__________________________________

Reason for Exchange______________________________

Name__________________________________

Address________________________________

City____________________State_______Zip.

Telephone (_

Part No. 00256-005

KoalaPainter, KoaiaPad, KoalaPrinter and the svmborY*y Printed in U.S.A. are trademarks of Koala Technologies Corporation. Rev. C 9/84

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